Baku Metro CJSC, in partnership with the Asian Development Bank (ADB), is launching a strategic program to modernize its signaling infrastructure and transition to digital train control, Report informs, citing the ADB project's Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) documents.
The program entails the complete replacement of obsolete relay control systems with an advanced Communications-Based Train Control (CBTC) system.
Implementing this technology will make it possible to reduce headways between trains, increase line capacity, enhance passenger transit safety, and improve the energy efficiency of the entire infrastructure.
According to ADB classification, the project has been assigned Category B, as the full scope of work will be carried out strictly within the boundaries of existing underground infrastructure - tunnels, station complexes, depots, and utility premises. Construction of new lines, excavation works, or land acquisition are not envisioned under the project.
Project execution is planned in three consecutive phases. Phase 1 covers the refinement of design documentation, procurement procedures, Factory Acceptance Test (FAT), installation of wayside and onboard equipment, system integration, pilot launch, and phased network-wide deployment.
Phase 2 represents a period of stabilization and parallel operation, during which the new and legacy systems will operate simultaneously for approximately 6 to 12 months to verify safety, reliability, and operational readiness.
Phase 3 involves the systematic decommissioning of the legacy system, including equipment deactivation, safety checks, pilot dismantling, complete removal of obsolete hardware, material resource management, and final reporting documentation.
During the dismantling phase, priority attention will focus on environmental safety and waste management. In particular, the project provides for inventorying, laboratory testing for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and safe disposal of approximately 933 oil-filled impedance bonds (choke transformers), as well as dismantled cable lines and relay cabinets.
The preliminary budget for implementing the Environmental Management Plan is estimated at approximately $950,000 (including a 10% contingency reserve). These funds will be used for laboratory testing, occupational health and industrial safety measures, instrumental monitoring, and ensuring safe conditions for passengers during the execution of works.
A special work execution regime is specified for stations of architectural value, including Nizami station, which is listed as a monument of national significance. This project will serve as one of the key initiatives in the digital transformation of Azerbaijan's urban transit and the strengthening of the capital's transport system resilience.
The ADB is currently considering a $302.38 million loan to finance the signaling modernization and operational digitalization project for Baku Metro.
The project encompasses updating train control and dispatching systems to enhance transit safety, reliability, and efficiency amid rising urban mobility and aging core infrastructure, as well as introducing modern train control, integrated monitoring and emergency functions, digital asset management, passenger information systems, and corporate platforms.