The Bank of Japan (BOJ) left unchanged its -0.1% target for short-term interest rates and a pledge to guide the 10-year bond yield around 0%.
"The BOJ expects short- and long-term policy interest rates to remain at their present or lower levels," the bank said in a statement, leaving unchanged the dovish guidance from the previous meeting in March.
In fresh quarterly forecasts, the central bank projected core consumer inflation to hit 1.9% in the current fiscal year before moderating to 1.1% in fiscal 2023 and 2024 - a sign it sees current cost-push price rises as transitory.
"Risks to prices are skewed to the upside for the time being, mainly reflecting uncertainties over energy prices, but are generally balanced thereafter," the BOJ said in its quarterly outlook report.
Speculation has been rife the BOJ could allow long-term rates to rise more or tweak its dovish policy guidance to combat yen declines, as some lawmakers fret further falls in the currency could hurt the economy by inflating import costs.
Markets are focusing on Governor Haruhiko Kuroda's remarks at his post-meeting briefing for clues on whether and how soon the BOJ could modify its dovish policy guidance.
Japan's economic growth likely stalled in the first quarter and is seen only rebounding modestly in April-June, as caution over the pandemic and rising living costs hurt consumption.
Core consumer inflation, which hit 0.8% in March, is set to accelerate to around 2% from April, though the rise will be driven largely by rising fuel costs and the dissipating effect of past cellphone fee cuts - rather than from higher wages, or underlying demand.